Дискурсивные стратегии позиционирования Музея-панорамы «Сталинградская битва» и Музея Берлин-Карлсхорст

The article presents a linguistic analysis of the discursive positioning strategies of two key museums dedicated to the history of the World War II on the Soviet-German front: the Stalingrad Battle Panorama Museum in Volgograd and the Berlin-Karlshorst Museum in Berlin. The aim of the work is to identify and compare the discursive positioning strategies of the two museums, analyzing how linguistic means shape their communicative identity and convey specific models of historical perception. Based on a study of the museums' official self-descriptions, interviews with their directors, and conceptual documents, the lexico-semantic, metaphorical, and narrative models that form the identity of each museum are identified and compared. The novelty of the research lies in its comprehensive discursive analysis of the museums' positioning strategies within the context of the current geopolitical situation and the transformation of memory culture. The adaptation of the museums to new socio-political conditions is also examined: participation in international conferences, educational projects, and visitor engagement. The study is grounded in the methodology of discourse analysis and theoretical principles concerning language as a tool for constructing social reality. It was found that the Volgograd museum implements a strategy of sacralization and heroization, whereas the Berlin museum consistently pursues a discursive shift from bilateralism to critical reflection. The significance of the work lies in its theoretical understanding of contemporary museum communication as a tool for shaping historical consciousness, as well as the practical applicability of its results for optimizing museum activities and developing international cultural cooperation.